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Yes. Without an NIE you cannot buy a property, open a bank account or transfer the utilities. You can get it at a Spanish consulate or directly in Spain, usually within two to six weeks. We walk you through the process and arrange a power of attorney if you prefer to handle it remotely.

Yes, but with lower leverage. Spanish banks typically lend non-residents 60–70% of the lower of the price and the valuation. Rates are usually somewhat higher than for residents and the bank will ask for proof of income, tax returns and existing liabilities. The alternative is to finance the purchase in your home country against property you already own — often cheaper and faster.

For a resale property in Andalusia, count on a 7% transfer tax plus notary, land registry and lawyer — roughly 9–10% above the purchase price. For a new build you pay 10% VAT plus 1.2% stamp duty (AJD), i.e. about 12–13%. The calculator in the Buying guide gives you a precise estimate.

Short-term holiday rental in Andalusia requires registering the property in the tourist registry and meeting technical conditions. Some owners’ communities also restrict it in their statutes — which is why we check this before you sign a reservation. Rental income is taxed in Spain; EU residents pay 19% and can deduct expenses.

From signing the reservation contract to handing over the keys usually six to ten weeks if you are paying cash and the property is legally clean. With a mortgage, count on about three months. For a new build you follow the developer’s schedule and pay in stages.

We recommend coming for the viewings — photos lie and you cannot judge a neighbourhood from the registry. The signing at the notary itself can be done remotely through a power of attorney certified at a Spanish consulate. Direct flights from Prague to Málaga take under three hours.